Details for The National Gene Bank of Georgia

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	Name
Name	The National Gene Bank of Georgia
Subunit name
Acronym(s)	NGBG
	Address
Street	30 App 5 B 1 MD Vazisubani
Address extension
Postbox
Postal code	0190
City	Tbilisi
State/region
Country	Georgia
	Visitor address
Street
Address extension
Postal code
City
State/region
	Contact details
Telephone	+995322777757
Fax
General email address	kakhanad@gmail.com
Logo URL
Web site URL
	Description
Description	The National Gene Bank of Georgia is an essential institution dedicated to the conservation, research, and management of genetic resources, particularly in the fields of agriculture, biodiversity, and conservation. It plays a pivotal role in preserving the genetic diversity of plant and animal species native to Georgia. Seed Bank of Rare Agrobiodiversity Crops: The National Gene Bank maintains an extensive seed bank, containing rare and endangered crops that are vital for maintaining genetic diversity. These seeds include both traditional cultivated varieties and their wild relatives, which possess important traits such as drought resistance, disease resistance, and adaptation to diverse environmental conditions. The gene bank holds landrace varieties—locally adapted, traditional crops that have evolved over time to suit regional agricultural conditions. Wild Varieties: The Gene Bank preserves genetic material from wild plant varieties closely related to cultivated crops. These wild relatives act as genetic reservoirs for traits that can help improve modern agriculture through breeding programs and sustainable farming. Research & Conservation: The bank conducts research into biodiversity, agricultural genetics, and the adaptation of crops to climate change. It supports scientific research on conservation strategies, breeding technologies, and sustainable agriculture development. Collaboration: The institution collaborates with international organizations, research institutes, and governmental bodies to strengthen genetic resource conservation efforts. These partnerships focus on implementing strategies to address the challenges of climate change, soil degradation, and food insecurity. Support to Sustainable Agriculture: By conserving these genetic resources, the Gene Bank supports agricultural sustainability, helping farmers access diverse, resilient varieties to mitigate climate risks. Its role extends to promoting traditional farming methods and integrating modern agricultural innovations. Climate Change Adaptation: The genetic diversity preserved in the bank enables research into developing crop varieties that are more resistant to changing climatic conditions, such as drought, high salinity, and diseases.
	Selected institution types
	Conservation
	Rights
Collection rights	Collection Rights ensure that seeds or plant genetic resources collected from Georgian land or its biodiversity are obtained with legal authorization. These rights are aligned with international agreements like the CBD and Nagoya Protocol, while also considering the protection of traditional agricultural practices and community knowledge. The Gene Bank's work involves ensuring that all genetic resource collections respect the principles of equity, transparency, and sustainability.
Access rights	Definition & Scope: Access Rights determine the ability to collect and use genetic resources such as seeds, DNA, livestock, plant varieties, or wild relatives. They apply to activities like scientific research, breeding programs, conservation, pharmaceutical development, or biotechnology. National Sovereignty: According to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), genetic resources are the sovereign property of the country of origin. Access Rights must be negotiated with the government or regulatory authority of the country that owns the genetic resource. Access and Benefit-Sharing (ABS): ABS mechanisms ensure that when genetic resources are accessed, equitable benefits are shared with the country or community of origin. This can include monetary compensation, technology transfer, knowledge exchange, or other mutually agreed benefits. Permits and Legal Frameworks: To access genetic resources legally, entities must obtain permits or agreements from national governments or designated regulatory bodies. These permits may come with conditions that ensure ethical use and conservation objectives are respected. Types of Access Rights: Research Access Rights: For scientific studies, such as analyzing a species' genetic traits or environmental impact. Conservation Access Rights: To collect and store seeds, plants, or other materials for conservation and restoration purposes. Agricultural and Breeding Programs: Allow access to genetic resources for improving agricultural crops or livestock varieties. Commercial Use Access Rights: For biotechnology companies developing products like medicines, food, or biofuels. Traditional Knowledge Access Rights: Incorporate indigenous and local knowledge when associated with genetic resources.
Usage restrictions
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